[BP 6.0.1] Couchstore-Add log messages to provide state of the system when a corruption is detected

Backport of MB-31767

When a corruption is detected on an index node, log relevant information that can be used in the analysis of the problem.

For example, the checksum, the length information in the header. The file offset where corruption was detected, the current size of the file and even a redacted hex dump of the buffer. The snappy failures if any must be logged also. Log some uncommon code paths, for example log when the size of the compressed buffer is bigger than the original buffer.